Three-dimensional (3D) imaging technologies have revolutionized orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, and outcome assessment by providing comprehensive visualization of craniofacial structures. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) imaging methods such as panoramic radiographs and cephalograms possess inherent limitations, including image distortion, magnification errors, and superimposition of anatomical structures. The advent of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), intraoral scanners, facial scanners, and digital stereophotogrammetry has significantly enhanced diagnostic accuracy and personalized treatment planning in orthodontics. This study reviews the principles, applications, advantages, limitations, and future prospects of 3D imaging technologies in orthodontic practice. Findings indicate that 3D imaging improves assessment of craniofacial morphology, impacted teeth, airway dimensions, temporomandibular joint disorders, orthognathic surgery planning, and clear aligner therapy. Despite challenges related to radiation exposure, costs, and data management, 3D imaging has become an indispensable tool in modern orthodontics. The study concludes that ongoing technological advancements and artificial intelligence integration will further expand the role of 3D imaging in precision orthodontic care.