Epidemiology of Dental Caries in Adolescents: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Prevention Strategies

doi:N/A

Global Journal of Dental Specialty

2026, Volume 4, Issue 2 : 1-4

Research Article

Epidemiology of Dental Caries in Adolescents: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Prevention Strategies

Emily J. Carter

Ahmed R. Malik

Sophia L. Fernandes

Michael T. Johnson

⁴

Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Global Institute of Oral Health Research, New York, USA

Department of Public Health Dentistry, International College of Dental Sciences, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Department of Community Dentistry, European School of Dental Research, Lisbon, Portugal

⁴

Department of Epidemiology and Health Sciences, African Center for Oral Health Studies, Accra, Ghana

Abstract

Background

Dental caries remains one of the most prevalent chronic diseases affecting adolescents worldwide. Despite advancements in preventive dentistry, caries continues to impose significant health, social, and economic burdens, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Adolescence represents a critical period characterized by lifestyle changes, dietary habits, and behavioral patterns that influence oral health outcomes.

Objective

This review aims to examine the epidemiology of dental caries among adolescents, evaluate associated risk factors, analyze global prevalence patterns, and discuss evidence-based preventive strategies.

Methods

A narrative review of epidemiological studies, public health reports, and scientific literature was conducted. Data concerning prevalence, distribution, determinants, and prevention of dental caries in adolescents were synthesized.

Results

The prevalence of dental caries among adolescents ranges from 40% to 90% globally. Major determinants include high sugar consumption, poor oral hygiene, socioeconomic inequalities, inadequate fluoride exposure, and limited access to dental care. Significant geographic and socioeconomic disparities persist between developed and developing regions.

Conclusion

Dental caries among adolescents remains a major public health concern requiring comprehensive preventive approaches, including oral health education, fluoride programs, dietary interventions, and improved healthcare access.

Keywords

Dental Caries

Adolescents

Oral Health

Epidemiology

Preventive Dentistry

Public Health

License

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