Regenerative endodontics represents a paradigm shift in the management of immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulps and periapical pathology. Unlike conventional endodontic treatment, which focuses on disinfection and obturation of the root canal system, regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) aim to restore the vitality and functionality of the dentin-pulp complex through biological regeneration. Advances in stem cell biology, tissue engineering, biomaterials, and molecular signaling have significantly contributed to the development of regenerative endodontic therapies. This review examines the biological principles, clinical protocols, current applications, challenges, and future prospects of regenerative endodontics. Findings suggest that regenerative approaches promote continued root development, increased dentinal wall thickness, apical closure, and enhanced tooth survival. Despite encouraging clinical outcomes, challenges remain regarding predictability, standardization, and long-term success. The study concludes that regenerative endodontics has substantial potential to transform future dental practice by enabling biological repair and regeneration of damaged dental tissues.